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Determinants of Food Consumption among Adolescents and Its Impacts on Health and Nutritional Status

Determinants of Food Consumption among Adolescents and Its Impacts on Health and Nutritional Status

Fatima Bi, Puspanjali Samantaray

IJANP. 2023 December; 3(4): 10–15. Published online 2023 December

Abstract: Junk foods are defined as foods that are readily available, usually inexpensive, and have less nutrient value. These foods contain more calories, more salt, a higher content of saturated fat, and less iron, calcium, and dietary fibre. Common junk foods include fast food, carbonated drinks, chips, desserts, chocolates, etc. Objectives of the study: to assess the nutritional status of the respondents; to study the consequences of eating junk food among the respondents; to test the laboratory food items; and to evaluate the microbiological and nutrient content of them. Methodology: Study design: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the selected college-aged adolescents in the Jharsuguda district of Odisha from January 2022 to April 2022. Sample size: The study consisted of 30 boys and 30 girls from the Jharsuguda districts of Odisha. The boys were taken from Jharsuguda engineering school, ages 17–19, and the girls were selected from Jharsuguda women’s college, ages 17–19, respectively. Tools used for the data collection: data collection by interview and questionnaire schedule a self-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from the selected respondents. Analysis of the data: The data was analysed by the appropriate statistical tests, like arithmetic mean deviation and two-tailed t-test, to find out the relationship between the two variables like age versus body mass index, age versus the portion of intake fast food, age versus frequency of intake fast food, body mass index versus amount intake, and income versus frequency of intake fast food among the selected respondent. Result and discussion: The above study concluded that fast food consumption is a fashionable trend in the current era. The result shows that out of a total of 40% of the boys and 42% of the girls, 40% prefer to eat fast food, with a mean deviation of due to easy availability and taste. The majority of the respondents spend more time outside due to college and coaching purposes. Thus, they do not carry tiffin from home because they think they are not schoolchildren and are not interested in eating homemade food. However, 65% of boys and 57% of girls prefer to eat fast food during mealtime because they enjoy eating fast food with their friends. The result of the cross-sectional study analysis was p <0.1 and not significant. It is found that adolescents are more addicted to consuming extra quantities of tomato ketchup and chilli sauce on chowmin, manchurian, and rolls because they have no accurate knowledge of the harmful effects of colour-adulterated food and Chinese salt on health. In food testing, it is found that excess colour added to tomato ketchup is responsible for hyperactivity in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), behavioural changes like irritability and depression, hives, and asthma. Food dyes contain benzene, a known cancer- causing substance. Pani puri is made by the deep-fried cooking method and is high in fat and calories; therefore, it has a negative impact on health. Pani Puri water is not filtered water; therefore, sometimes microorganisms like Salmonella typhi develop in it, which is one of the causes of typhoid fever. Moreover, most food dyes are found in unhealthy processed foods that harm health. Findings reveal that increasing junk food consumption among teens may contribute to poor growth outcomes.

Keywords : Food Consumption, Nutritional Status, Disease Associated.